Abstract：Effects of opposite character on heterosis of quality characters and heredity of combining ability were studied by using inbred lines and hybrid combinations of opposite and alternative, which were bred through opposite gene transfer in maize. The results indicate as fellows: General combining ability effect of grain quality characters in opposite maize is higher than in alternative maize; there are no significant difference on protein content between heterosis of opposite F1 and heterosis of alternative F1，but opposite F1 on content of oil and starch express obviously more advantage than alternative F1; there are difference among different combination types for F1 heterosis of grain quality character of opposite community, so that F1 of high protein content can be bred through alternative ×alternative combination during opposite combination usage, hybrid varieties of high oil content can be selected through crossing opposite lines with high oil content, and hybrid varieties of high starch content will be selected through crossing alternative lines with different opposite genes of high starch content.